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Hurricane
Preparation Guide
Your personal health and safety guide
About Hurricanes
Hurricanes are powerful storms
that form at sea with wind speeds of 74 mph or greater. They are
tracked by satellites from the moment they begin to form, so there
is usually a warning before a storm strikes. A hurricane covers
a circular area between 200 and 480 miles in diameter. In the
storm strong winds and rain surround a central, calm, "eye"
which is about 15 miles across. These winds can sometimes reach
200 mph. However, the greatest damage to life and property is
not from the wind, but from tidal surges and flash flooding. Because
of the destructive power of a hurricane, you should never ignore
an evacuation order.
Tracking the Hurricane
The coordinates for St. Kitts
are Latitude 17.2 and Longitude 62.4. Read latitudes from base
to top, longitudes from right to left. You ca pinpoint the location
of the storm using the chart in your St. Kitts phone book.
Preparing for the Hurricane
Hurricane readiness should begin
long before the event occurs. Prepare by taking the following
actions:
1. Identify potential home hazards
such as those involving gas, electricity, chemicals, and structural
damage.
2. Conduct an evacuation drill
for at least two ways out of your home.
3. Provide escape ladders for
multi-story structures.
4. Establish an assembly point
to meet in the event of a disaster especially if everyone isn't
at home when it occurs.
5. Know the location of important
papers.
6. Know how to shut off the gas,
water, and electric mains.
7. Invite your upstairs neighbor
downstairs for protection.
8. Eat a hot meal as it may be
your last one for a while.
9. Leave your windows open a
crack for ventilation, otherwise the hurricane may cause severe
structural damage to your home.
10. Stock your home with supplies
that may be needed during the emergency period. These include:
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Three to five days supply
of water (approx. 5 gallons per person).
-
Three to five days supply
of non-perishable food.
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First aid kit and manual.
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Battery powered radio, flashlights,
and extra batteries.
-
Sleeping bags or extra blankets.
-
Non-breakable spoons, forks,
knives, cups, plates, etc.
-
Water purifying supplies
- chlorine or iodine tablets or ordinary unscented household
bleach.
-
Prescription medicines and
special medical needs.
-
Baby food and/or prepared
formula, diapers, and other baby supplies.
-
Cleaning cloths, such as
baby wipes to use in case bathing facilities are not available.
-
Personal hygiene supplies
- soap, toothpaste, sanitary pads or tampons, etc.
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Alternate cooking source
such as a camp stove--> use only in well ventilated areas.
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Plastic trash bags and ties.
-
Emergency kit for your car
with food, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc.
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Games and toys for children.
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Extra cash.
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Pet food.
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Insect repellant.
-
Rubber boots/rubber gloves.
Before the Storm
News services will issue a hurricane
watch when there is a threat of hurricane conditions within 24-36
hours. When a hurricane watch is issued, you should:
- Make sure you have gas in your car.
-
Make sure you have gas for
your generator and/or the battery is fully charged.
-
Make arrangements with someone
for transportation if you don't have a car.
-
Fill your clean water containers.
-
Review your emergency plans
and supplies, checking to see if any items are missing.
-
Tune in the radio or television
for weather updates.
-
When evacuation is necessary
pack only essential items - clothing, bedding, food, water,
medicines, infant needs.
-
Secure any items which may
damage property in a storm, such as bicycles, grills, propane
tanks, etc.
-
Cover windows and doors
if possible.
-
Fill sinks and bathtubs
with water as an extra supply for washing.
-
Adjust the thermostat on
refrigerators and freezers to the coolest possible temperatures.
-
Make sure you sleep wearing
street clothes and that shoes are close by. Storms can hit
in the middle of the night and immediate evacuation may be
necessary.
Evacuation
If you are directed to leave:
-
Take only essential items
with you.
-
If you have time, turn off
the gas, electricity, and water.
-
Disconnect appliances to
reduce the likelihood of electrical shock when power is restored.
-
Make sure your car's evacuation
kit is ready.
-
Listen to the radio for
emergency updates.
During the Storm
To get through the storm in the safest possible
manner:
-
Don't plan to have a "Hurricane
Party" and consume alcohol. Remember, you need to remain
alert for your personal safety.
-
Don't drive around the island.
-
Stay tuned to your radio
and listen to the bulletins issued by Radio ZIZ and VON Radio.
-
The weather channel (37
or 13) gives updates at 10 minutes of the hour. You may also
visit their website at www.weather.com
-
Do not make unnecessary
telephone calls.
-
Monitor the radio or television
for weather conditions, if possible.
-
Stay indoors until the authorities
declare the storm is over even if the weather appears to have
calmed- the calm "eye" of the storm can pass as
quickly as a minute leaving you outside when hurricane force
winds resume.
-
Expect the loss of electricity,
gas, and water.
-
Stay away from all windows
and exterior doors, seeking shelter in a bathroom. Bathtubs
can provide some shelter if you cover yourself with plywood
or other materials.
-
Prepare to evacuate to a
shelter or to a neighbor's home if your home is damaged, or
if you are instructed to do so by emergency personnel.
-
If you should lose electrical
power, eat perishable food first.
-
Stay away from river banks,
streams, and beaches. A hurricane causes the sea level to
rise to above normal tidal heights, with giant wind driven
waves and strong, unpredictable currents.
-
Open one of the windows
or doors of your house on the side opposite to the one which
the wind is blowing. Remember to close the same door or windows
as soon as the direction of the wind changes and open another
contrary to the new direction. This is recommended as a means
of balancing the pressure inside and outside the house, so
that the difference in pressure does not tear away the doors
and windows.
After the Storm
Personal Injury
Injuries during a hurricane are
cuts caused by flying glass or other debris. It is also possible
for puncture wounds resulting from exposed nails, metal, glass,
or bone.
Water Quality
Tidal surges or flooding can contaminate
the public water supply. Do not assume that the water is safe
to drink. Water treatment plants may not be operating or may have
damage and flooding which contaminate the water lines. Listen
for public announcements about the safety of the water supply.
Here are some general rules concerning
water for drinking and cooking:
-
Don't use contaminated water
to wash dishes, brush your teeth, wash and prepare food, or
to make ice.
-
Drink only bottled, boiled,
or treated water until your supply is tested and found safe.
-
Boil water for 10 minutes
to kill harmful bacteria and parasites.
-
Treat water with chlorine
or iodine tablets, or mix six drops (1/8 teaspoon) of unscented,
ordinary household chlorine bleach (5.25 percent sodium hypocholorite)
per gallon of water. Mix and let stand for about 30 minutes.
However, this treatment will not kill parasitic organisms.
-
Containers for water should
be rinsed with a bleach solution before reusing them.
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Do not eat any food that
may have come into contact with contaminated water.
-
Discard any food not in
a water proof container if there is a chance that it has come
into contact with contaminated water.
-
Undamaged, commercially
canned foods can be saved if you remove the can labels, thoroughly
wash the cans, and then disinfect them with a solution consisting
of one cup of bleach in five gallons of water. Re-label your
cans, including expiration date with a marker.
-
Food containers with screw-caps,
snap-lids, crimped caps (soda bottles), twist caps, flip tops,
snap-open, and home canned foods should be discarded if they
have come into contact with floodwater because they cannot
be disinfected.
-
For infants, use only pre-prepared
canned baby formula. Do not use powdered formula prepared
with treated water.
-
Your refrigerator will keep
foods cool about four hours without power if it is unopened.
-
Add block ice to your refrigerator
if the electricity will be off longer than four hours.
-
Thawed food can usually
be eaten if it is still "refrigerator cold", or
re-frozen if it still contains ice crystals.
-
"When in doubt, throw
it out."
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Practice basic hygiene by
washing your hands with soap and water that has been boiled
or disinfected.
-
Don't expose open cuts or
sores to floodwater and keep infection down with antibiotic
ointments.
-
Don't allow children to
play in floodwater areas.
-
Wash children's hands frequently
(always before meals), and do not allow them to play with
toys that have been in contaminated water. Toys can be disinfected
by using a solution of bleach in five gallons of water.
Mosquitoes
To control mosquito populations,
drain all standing water left in open containers outside your
home. Mosquitoes are most active at sunrise and sunset. To protect
yourself from mosquitoes use insect repellants that contain DEET.
Be sure to read all instructions before using DEET. Care must
be taken when using DEET on small children.
Mental Health
Remember to take some time to
consider your mental health as the days following a hurricane
can be rough. Some sleeplessness, anxiety, anger, hyperactivity,
mild depression, or lethargy are normal, and may go away with
time. If you feel any of these symptoms acutely, seek counseling.
Children need extra care and attention before, during, and after
the storm. Be sure to locate a favorite toy or game for your child
before the storm arrives to help maintain his/her sense of security.
Moving Ahead
-
When cleaning up take proper
precautions to avoid injury - wear proper clothing, including
long sleeves and pants, and boots.
-
When entering a damaged
structure make sure the main electrical switch is off. If
you see frayed wiring or sparks when you restore power or,
if there is an odor of something burning but no visible fire,
you should immediately shut off the electrical system at the
main circuit breaker.
-
Dry and disinfect all materials
inside the house to prevent the growth of mold and mildew.
Continue to monitor your radio or television for up-to-date
emergency information.
-
Do not touch or drive through
power lines that are lying on or dangling near the ground.
If a power line falls across your car while driving, continue
to drive away from the line. If the engine stalls, do not
turn off the ignition. Stay in your car and wait for emergency
personnel. Do not allow anyone other than emergency personnel
to approach your vehicle.
-
If possible, use battery-powered
lanterns rather than candles to light your home and prevent
fires. Make sure candles are in a safe holder and away from
curtains, paper, wood, or other flammable items. Never leave
a candle burning when you are out of the room.
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